Review Volume 10, Issue 8 pp 1825—1855

Remote ischemic conditioning: a promising therapeutic intervention for multi-organ protection

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Figure 4. Specific circulating markers for different organ scenarios. Abbreviations: AIS, acute ischemic stroke; ASH, acute subarachnoid hemorrhage; sIAS, symptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis; CEA, carotid endarterectomy; CAS, carotid angioplasty and stenting; CVSD, cerebral small vessel disease; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft surgery; SPCI, selective percutaneous coronary intervention; PPCI, primary percutaneous coronary intervention; CHF, chronic heart failure; NSE, neuronal specific enolase; S-100B, S100 calcium binding protein B; GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein; AQP-4, aquaporin-4; Ngb, Neuroglobin; cTnI, cardiac troponin I; cTnT, cardiac troponin T; CK-MB, creatine kinase-myocardial band; Mb, myoglobin; BNP, brain natriuretic protein; TIMP-2, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2; IGFBP-7, insulin like growth factor-binding protein-7; HMGB-1, high-mobility group box protein-1; sCr, serum creatinine; NGAL, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; PaO2/FiO2, partial pressure of oxygen/fraction of inspired oxygen.