Research Paper Volume 12, Issue 2 pp 1725—1746

Female adipose tissue has improved adaptability and metabolic health compared to males in aged obesity

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Figure 3. ADRB3 stimulated lipolysis elevates lipolytic levels in old and obese females but does not affect CD11c ATM numbers in GWAT. (A) Fasting glucose levels and (B) Fasting insulin levels at 10 weeks of HFD. (C) left panel - Glucose tolerance test (GTT) in 18-month-old male and female mice at 12 weeks of HFD; right panel - Area under the curve (AUC) from GTT. (D) Fed serum insulin levels in male and female obese mice after CL-316,243 (CL) treatment. (E) Serum FFA levels. (F) Serum TG levels. (G) Liver percent weight. (H) Immunofluorescence images of PBS or CL treated old male obese GWAT (top row) and old female obese GWAT (bottom row) depicting MAC-2 labeling (magenta) and CAV-1 labeling of adipocytes (green). Scale bar = 500 μm. Flow cytometry analysis and quantitation as a % of SVF of (I) GWAT ATMs (J) GWAT CD11c+ ATMs (K) GWAT CD11c- ATMs (L) GWAT dendritic cells (DC) numbers. N=6-14 /group. One-way ANOVA with Student’s t-test was performed for (AC). Two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni-Dunn’s post-test was performed for (DG) and (IL). Statistics from diet and sex interaction are in box. Statistical significance is indicated by *p <0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001, ****p<0.0001. Student’s t-test was performed for male and female comparisons between the same diet groups indicated by #p<0.05, ##p<0.01 ###p<0.001 and ####p<0.0001; error bars are SEM.