Research Perspective Volume 3, Issue 9 pp 906—910
Oxidation as “The Stress of Life”
Figure 1. Key pathological effects of lipid oxidation products related to the aging. Oxidation of poly-unsaturated fatty acids (exemplified by DHA - docosahexaenoic acid) leads to the generation of intermediate products (HOHA - 4-hydroxy-7-oxo hept-5-enoic acid) and, consequently, accumulation of carboxy-alkyl-pyrrole (CAP) protein adducts. CAPs stimulate TLR1/2 heterodimer on the surface of endothelial cells triggering angiogenesis. In turn, excessive CAP-induced angiogenesis contributes to the age-related macular degeneration and tumor progression. Accumulation of HOHA and CAPs in blood vessel walls may also constitute a substantial component of pathophysiological changes during atherosclerosis.