Research Paper Volume 8, Issue 6 pp 1259—1269

Figure 1. Changes in the differentiation potential and secretory profiles of old MSCs. (A) Representative immunocytochemical images of young and old MSCs differentiated into ALP+ osteoblasts (upper) and Oil red O+ fat droplet-producing adipocytes (lower). Both the osteogenic and adipogenic potentials of old MSCs were reduced (n ≥ 3). (B) Expression levels of representative SASP factors (Il6, Groa, Il8, Gmscf, Icam1, and Igfbp1) and major secretory factors in old MSCs, relative to those in young MSCs, determined by qPCR (n ≥ 3). (C) qPCR of representative growth factors (n ≥ 3). Scale bars: 50 μm. Results are expressed as means ± standard error of the mean (SEM). NS (not significant), p > 0.05; *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01.