Research Paper Volume 12, Issue 6 pp 5091—5120

Time-dependent interactions of blood platelets and cancer cells, accompanied by extramedullary hematopoiesis, lead to increased platelet activation and reactivity in a mouse orthotopic model of breast cancer – implications for pulmonary and liver metastasis

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Figure 9. In vitro response to increasing concentrations of ADP of whole blood platelets from mice with orthotopic model of breast cancer. Results are presented as median (horizontal line) and interquartile range (box) (n = 8). The expressions of the active form of GPIIb/IIIa (A, B) and the binding of endogenous fibrinogen (Fg) (C, D) on platelets stimulated with 5 μM ADP (A, C) and 20 μM ADP (B, D) were measured using flow cytometry in non-fixed ‘washed blood’ withdrawn immediately (t0) or after 2 (t2), 3 (t3), 4 (t4) or 5 weeks (t5) from the injection of 4T1 cells. Results are expressed as the percentage fraction of a given activation marker-positive platelets. More experimental details are given in the Materials and methods section. Statistical significance of differences, estimated with Kruskal-Wallis test followed by post hoc all-pairwise comparisons Conover-Inman or one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test, was: active form of GPIIb/IIIaADP5μM,; P1,α < 0.05, 4T1 t5 < 4T1 t4 = 4T1 t3 > 4T1 t2 = 4T1 t0; active form of GPIIb/IIIaADP20μM, P1,α < 0.01, 4T1 t4 > 4T1 t2; FgADP5μM, P1,α < 0.05, 4T1 t5 = 4T1 t4 > 4T1 t3 = 4T1 t2 = 4T1 t0; FgADP20μM, P1,α < 0.05, 4T1 t5 = 4T1 t4 > 4T1 t3 < 4T1 t2 > 4T1 t0.