Research Paper Volume 15, Issue 18 pp 9590—9613

Figure 1. YY1 is upregulated and promotes autophagy in cancer. (A) Venn diagram indicating overlapped genes from two publicly available bioinformatics analyses. The right panel shows gene expression features in cancer and adjacent tissues from the Xena platform. (B) Overlapping analysis (Venn diagram) revealing the 12 TFs with survival-related genes. (C) qRT-PCR analysis showing the expression of YY1 in GC cell lines. (D) Western blotting displaying the expression of autophagy-associated proteins in AGS and MGC803 cells treated with the empty vector (Ca-NC) or Ca-YY1. (E, F) Immunofluorescence staining and TEM scanning demonstrating fluorescence intensity and autophagic vacuoles in AGS and MGC803 cells treated with the empty vector (Ca-NC) or Ca-YY1, and those treated with DMSO, CQ (Chloroquine, 20 μmol/L) or RAPA (Rapamycin, 1 μmol/L) as positive controls for inactivated or activated autophagy. Scale bar: 10 μm in E and 1 μm in F. ^*P < 0.05 vs. GES-1, Ca-NC, DMSO.