Research Paper Volume 15, Issue 19 pp 9965—9983

Live while the DNA lasts. The role of autophagy in DNA loss and survival of diploid yeast cells during chronological aging

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Figure 1. DNA content reduction is associated with the CLS of the diploid yeast. (A) CLS of diploid (BY4743) wild-type strain. The mean from three biological repetitions is shown. Bars indicate standard deviations. (B) Changes in the DNA content of the WT (BY4743) strain during CLS were assessed by flow cytometry of propidium iodide-stained cells. Three biological repetitions labeled I, II, and III are shown. 2c, two DNA content (DNA content typical for diploid in G1 phase), 4c, four DNA content (DNA content typical for diploid in G2 phase of the cell cycle) (C) The cell size changes observed in the WT (BY4743) strain during CLS assessed by flow cytometry. Three biological repetitions are shown. (D, E) The genome integrity of yeast cells, subject to CLS, at the 2nd day (START) and 21st day (END) of the experiment. Chromosome integrity was assessed by PFGE (D) and classical agarose electrophoresis (E). Three biological repetitions were analyzed. END (2×), for better DNA visualization, the amount of analyzed sample was doubled.