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• Research Paper Volume 13, Issue 24 pp 25944-25959

  Global, regional, and national burden of age-related hearing loss from 1990 to 2019

  Relevance score: 10.115828

  Jinyu Man, Hui Chen, Tongchao Zhang, Xiaolin Yin, Xiaorong Yang, Ming Lu

  Keywords: age-related hearing loss, global burden of disease, DALYs, prevalent cases, temporal trend

  Published in Aging on December 15, 2021

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  The global distribution and temporal trend of age-related hearing loss (ARHL) are unknown, and we aimed to investigate magnitudes and temporal trends of ARHL burden and its influencing factors at the national, regional, and global levels. Based on the information of Global Burden of Disease Study 2019, we calculated the estimated annual percentage change to quantify the global, regional, and national temporal trends of age-standardized rates (ASRs) of ARHL by gender, age, and severity. The number of prevalent cases and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of ARHL increased from 751.50 million and 22.01 million in 1990 to 1456.66 million and 40.24 million in 2019, respectively. Except for a few countries such as Niger and Burkina Faso, the age-standardized prevalence rate and age-standardized DALYs rate showed a downward trend in most countries and regions. Mild ARHL accounted for the largest proportion in all ARHL, and only mild ARHL showed an upward trend in ASRs. In most regions, the proportion of ARHL disease burden attributable to occupational noise showed a downward trend in the past 30 years. In 2019, ARHL disease burden attributable to occupational noise declined with the increase of socio-demographic index in countries. Although the ASR of ARHL in most parts of the world is declining, the absolute disease burden of ARHL is still heavy. Understanding the real-time disease burden of ARHL and its temporal trend is of great significance for formulating more effective preventive measures and reducing the ARHL burden.

• Research Paper Volume 13, Issue 15 pp 19614-19642

  Global, regional, and national burden of blindness and vision loss due to common eye diseases along with its attributable risk factors from 1990 to 2019: a systematic analysis from the global burden of disease study 2019

  Relevance score: 9.980224

  Xiaorong Yang, Hui Chen, Tongchao Zhang, Xiaolin Yin, Jinyu Man, Qiufeng He, Ming Lu

  Keywords: blindness and vision loss, global burden, risk factors, temporal trends, prevention

  Published in Aging on August 9, 2021

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  To map the magnitudes and temporal trends of blindness and vision loss (BVL) due to common eye diseases along with its attributable risk factors at the national, regional, and global levels. The annual burden of BVL in 204 countries and territories was extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) and causes composition change were calculated to quantify the temporal trends of BVL-related disease burden by sex, region, and eye disease. The global disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of BVL increased from 12.44 million in 1990 to 22.56 million in 2019, with a slightly decreased rate from 3.03 to 2.78 per 1000 population (EAPC = -0.30). About 29.6% of BVL-related DALYs worldwide were caused by cataract, followed by refraction disorders (29.1%), near vision loss (21.7%), other vision loss (13.7%), glaucoma (3.3%), and age-related macular degeneration (2.5%) in 2019. The age-standardized DALYs rates due to each eye disease type in most regions were decreased, especially in countries with high burden and high-middle socio-demographic index. Moreover, the contribution of smoking and air pollution from solid fuels to BVL burden decreased, however, the age-standardized burden of BVL attributed to high body-mass index and high fasting plasma glucose elevated gradually across almost all regions. The temporal trend of BVL burden due to specific eye diseases varies remarkably by region, sex and age. Understanding the real-time patterns of BVL burden is crucial for formulating more effective and targeted prevention and healthcare strategies to decrease the BVL burden.

• Research Paper Volume 13, Issue 1 pp 279-300

  The burden of liver cirrhosis and underlying etiologies: results from the global burden of disease study 2017

  Relevance score: 11.396279

  Mimi Zhai, Jianhai Long, Sushun Liu, Chun Liu, Li Li, Leping Yang, Yamin Li, Bo Shu

  Keywords: liver cirrhosis, etiology, global burden of disease study

  Published in Aging on January 12, 2021

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  Background: To evaluate the pattern and prevalence trends of liver cirrhosis caused by specific etiologies.

  Results: Globally, the number of prevalent cases increased 74.53% from 1990 to 2017. The ASR increased 0.75 per year. The most pronounced increases were found in middle-high and high socio-demographic index (SDI) regions, especially in the Caribbean and Latin America. Among the etiologies, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) related liver cirrhosis accounted for 59.46% of the cases. The ASR increased 1.74 per year, and the increase was observed in all 5 SDI regions. In addition, the ASR of liver cirrhosis caused by alcohol also increased in both sexes and all SDI regions. In contrast, the ASR of liver cirrhosis caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) decreased, especially in middle and low-middle SDI regions.

  Conclusions: Though the number of people suffering from HBV and HCV decreases, liver cirrhosis is still a major threat to health. Additionally, the number of people with cirrhosis caused by alcohol and NASH continues to grow. Thus, more targeted and specific strategies should be established based on etiology and prevalence trends of liver cirrhosis.

  Methods: We collected data based on Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 study. The age standardized prevalence rate (ASR) and estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC) were used to estimate the trends in prevalence by population, etiologies and regions.

• Research Paper Volume 12, Issue 22 pp 22869-22891

  Global burden and trend of acute lymphoblastic leukemia from 1990 to 2017

  Relevance score: 8.561757

  Ming Yi, Linghui Zhou, Anping Li, Suxia Luo, Kongming Wu

  Keywords: global burden of disease, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, cancer statistics, social-demographic index, cancer risk factor

  Published in Aging on November 16, 2020

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  Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a common malignant hematologic disease that is characterized by large numbers of dedifferentiated lymphoid cells. Statistical data of ALL's incidence and mortality are fundamental for policymakers to allocate resources optimally. In this study, we reported the incidence, death, and disability-adjusted life year (DALY) of ALL in the globe from 1990 to 2017. Our analysis showed that the incidence case of ALL increased by 30.81%, while the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) maintained stable. Subgroup analysis by social-demographic index (SDI) showed that ALL's ASIR was significantly decreased in high SDI countries, but were moderately increased in high-middle SDI countries. The change trends of age-standardized death rate and DALY rate were similar to ASIR trends. Subgroup analysis by age groups showed that children and the elderly were more likely to suffer ALL. Risk factor analysis demonstrated that smoking was the most significant contributor to ALL's death and DALY in the globe. Besides, the high body-mass index is playing an increasingly important role in ALL-caused mortality. Multiple methods to counteract potential risk factors should be adopted, such as controlling body-mass index in all regions and avoiding occupational exposure to carcinogens in low SDI countries.

• Research Paper Volume 12, Issue 3 pp 2545-2583

  Global burden of larynx cancer, 1990-2017: estimates from the global burden of disease 2017 study

  Relevance score: 10.6911

  Yujiao Deng, Meng Wang, Linghui Zhou, Yi Zheng, Na Li, Tian Tian, Zhen Zhai, Si Yang, Qian Hao, Ying Wu, Dingli Song, Dai Zhang, Jun Lyu, Zhijun Dai

  Keywords: larynx cancer, global burden of disease, incidence, death, disability adjusted life-years

  Published in Aging on February 8, 2020

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  Larynx cancer is one of the most common cancers in head and neck. This study aimed to investigate the health burden of larynx cancer at global, regional, and national levels. We collected data of larynx cancer between 1990 and 2017 from the Global Burden of Disease study, including incidence, mortality, and disability adjusted life-years (DALYs). Estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) were calculated to assess the changes in age-standardized rate (ASR) of larynx cancer. From 1990 to 2017, LC incident cases increased by 58.67%; however, age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) decreased, with an EAPC of -0.99. Additionally, the incident cases and ASIR of LC were 6-fold higher for male than those for female in 2017. Over the past 28 years, deaths and DALYs of larynx cancer increased by 33.84% and 25%. Contrarily, age-standardized death and DALY rate showed a downward trend. Incidence, death, and DALYs of larynx cancer were always the highest in people aged 50-69 years. Overall, all the ASRs showed downward trends globally. The majority of larynx cancer burden was observed in men, especially among male aged 50-69 years. South and East Asia carried the heaviest burden of larynx cancer worldwide.

  

  The global incidence burden of larynx cancer in 195 countries. (A) The ASIR of larynx cancer in 2017; (B) The relative change in incident cases of larynx cancer between 1990 and 2017; (C) The EAPC of larynx cancer ASIR from 1990 to 2017. Countries with an extreme number of cases/evolution were annotated. ASIR, age-standardized incidence rate; EAPC, estimated annual percentage change.

  
  
  

  

  The EAPC of larynx cancer ASR from 1990 to 2017, by sex and region. (A) The EAPC of ASIR; (B) The EAPC of ASDR; (C) The EAPC of age-standardized DALY rate. ASR: age-standardized rate; ASDR: age standardized death rate; ASIR: age standardized incidence rate; EAPC, estimated annual percentage change; DALY: disability adjusted life-year.

  
  
  

  

  The change trends of age standardized rate among different SDI quintiles and gender from 1990 to 2017. (A) ASIR: age standardized incidence rate; (B) ASDR: age standardized death rate; (C) age-standardized DALY rate. DALY, disability adjusted life-year.

  
  
  

  

  The correlation between EAPC and larynx cancer ASR in 1990 as well as SDI in 2017. The circles represent countries that were available on SDI data. The size of circle is increased with the cases of larynx cancer. The ρ indices and P values presented were derived from Pearson correlation analysis. (A) EAPC and SDI in incidence; (B) EAPC and ASIR; (C) EAPC and SDI in death; (D) EAPC and ASDR; (E) EAPC and SDI in DALYs; (F) EAPC and age-standardized DALY rate. ASIR, age standardized incidence rate; ASDR: age standardized death rate; EAPC, estimated annual percentage change; SDI, socio-demographic index; DALY: disability adjusted life-year.

  
  
  

  

  The proportion of different age groups in larynx cancer by years. (A) incidence, (B) death, (C) DALY. DALY: disability adjusted life-year.

  
  
  

  

  The rate of larynx cancer among gender and age in 1990 and 2017. (A) incidence rate; (B) death rate; (C) DALY rate. DALY, disability adjusted life-year.

  
  
  

• Research Paper Volume 11, Issue 23 pp 10952-10991

  Global, regional, and national prevalence and disability-adjusted life-years for infertility in 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: results from a global burden of disease study, 2017

  Relevance score: 9.740156

  Hui Sun, Ting-Ting Gong, Yu-Ting Jiang, Shuang Zhang, Yu-Hong Zhao, Qi-Jun Wu

  Keywords: female infertility, male infertility, prevalence, disability-adjusted life-years, global burden of disease study

  Published in Aging on December 2, 2019

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  To provide comprehensive estimates of the global, regional, and national burden of infertility from 1990 to 2017, using findings from a 2017 study on the global burden of disease (GBD), we assessed the burden of infertility in 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2017. DisMod-MR 2.1 is a Bayesian meta-regression method that estimates non-fatal outcomes using sparse and heterogeneous epidemiological data. Globally, the age-standardized prevalence rate of infertility increased by 0.370% per year for females and 0.291% per year for males from 1990 to 2017. Additionally, age-standardized disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) of infertility increased by 0.396% per year for females and 0.293% per year for males during the observational period. An increasing trend to these burden estimates was observed throughout the all socio-demographic index (SDI) countries. Interestingly, we found that high SDI countries had the lowest level of prevalence and DALYs in both genders. However, the largest increasing trend was observed in high-SDI countries for females. By contrast, low-SDI countries had the largest increasing trend in males. Negative associations were observed between these burden estimates and the SDI level. The global disease burden of infertility has been increasing throughout the period from 1990 to 2017.

  

  Trends in global disease burden of female infertility prevalence from 1990–2017. (A) Trends in global disease burden of female infertility prevalence by socio-demographic index from 1990–2017; (B) Trends in global disease burden of female infertility prevalence by region from 1990–2017).

  
  
  

  

  Trends in global disease burden of male infertility prevalence from 1990–2017. (A) Trends in global disease burden of male infertility prevalence by socio-demographic index from 1990–2017; (B) Trends in global disease burden of male infertility prevalence by region from 1990–2017).

  
  
  

  

  Trends in global disease burden of 15–44 year-old female infertility prevalence and DALYs from 1990–2017. (A) Prevalence; (B) DALYs).

  
  
  

  

  Trends in global disease burden of 15–44 year-old male infertility prevalence and DALYs from 1990–2017. (A) Prevalence; (B) DALYs).

  
  
  

  

  Global disease burden of female infertility prevalence in 195 countries and territories. (A) The percent change in age-standardized prevalence of female infertility between 1990 and 2017; (B) The estimated annual percentage change of female infertility age-standardized prevalence from 1990 to 2017).

  
  
  

  

  Global disease burden of male infertility prevalence in 195 countries and territories. (A) The percent change in age-standardized prevalence of male infertility between 1990 and 2017; (B) The estimated annual percentage change of male infertility age-standardized prevalence from 1990 to 2017).

  
  
  

  

  Trends in global disease burden of female infertility disability-adjusted life-years from 1990–2017. (A) Trends in global disease burden of female infertility disability-adjusted life-years by socio-demographic index from 1990–2017; (B) Trends in global disease burden of female infertility disability-adjusted life-years by region from 1990–2017).

  
  
  

  

  Trends in global disease burden of male infertility disability-adjusted life-years from 1990–2017. (A). Trends in global disease burden of male infertility disability-adjusted life-years by socio-demographic index from 1990–2017; (B). Trends in global disease burden of male infertility disability-adjusted life-years by region from 1990–2017).

  
  
  

  

  Global disease burden of female infertility disability-adjusted life-years in 195 countries and territories. (A). The percent change in age-standardized disability-adjusted life-years of female infertility between 1990 and 2017; (B) The estimated annual percentage change of female infertility age-standardized disability-adjusted life-years from 1990 to 2017).

  
  
  

  

  Global disease burden of male infertility disability-adjusted life-years in 195 countries and territories. (A). The percent change in age-standardized disability-adjusted life-years of male infertility between 1990 and 2017; (B). The estimated annual percentage change of male infertility age-standardized disability-adjusted life-years from 1990 to 2017).

  
  
  

  

  Co-evolution of age-standardized burden estimates with SDI globally and for GBD regions for female infertility from 1990–2017. (A). Prevalence (B) DALYs. Colored lines show global and region values for age-standardized burden estimates rates. Each point in a line represents 1 year starting at 1990 and ending at 2017. The black line represents the average expected relationship between SDI and burden estimates rates for female infertility based on values from each region in the 1990–2017 estimation period. DALYs = disability-adjusted life-years. SDI = Socio-demographic Index.

  
  
  

  

  Co-evolution of age-standardized burden estimates with SDI globally and for GBD regions for male infertility 1990–2017. (A) Prevalence (B) DALYs. Colored lines show global and region values for age-standardized burden estimates rates. Each point in a line represents 1 year starting at 1990 and ending at 2017. The black line represents the average expected relationship between SDI and burden estimates rates for male infertility based on values from each region in the 1990–2017 estimation period. DALYs = disability-adjusted life-years. SDI = Socio-demographic Index.