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• Research Paper Volume 13, Issue 17 pp 21400-21407

  Baseline beliefs about medication are associated with outcomes of antidepressants in inpatients with first-diagnosed depression under supervised therapeutic compliance

  Relevance score: 6.233437

  Fan-Zhen Kong, Cai-Fang Ji, Xiang-Dong Du, Robert Logan, Hui-Ying Zhao, Guan-Hui Wu, Yan-Song Liu, Zhen Tang, Mei-E Niu

  Keywords: first-diagnosed depression, medication beliefs, BMQ-S, antidepressants, therapeutic compliance

  Published in Aging on September 2, 2021

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  The aim of the present study was to explore the effect of baseline beliefs about medication on therapeutic outcomes of antidepressants in inpatients with first-diagnosed depression under supervised therapeutic compliance. Ninety-seven inpatients with first-diagnosed depression were included to collect their baseline demographic data to evaluate the Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD) scores and the beliefs about medicine questionnaire-specific (BMQ-S) scores at baseline and the end of the eight-week treatment. Additionally, we explored the relationship between inpatients’ medication beliefs and therapeutic effect of antidepressants. The inpatients were divided into remitted depression and unremitted depression groups according to outcomes at the end of the eight-week treatment. There was no significant difference in the baseline HAMD between the two groups (P > 0.050). The scores on the BMQ-S of the unremitted group were significantly lower than those of the remitted group (P < 0.001). The HAMD scores were significantly reduced in both groups after the eight-week treatment (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the BMQ-S scores before and after the treatment (P > 0.050). The medication beliefs of the unremitted inpatients after the treatment were still lower than those of the remitted inpatients (P < 0.001). Logistic-regression analysis showed that low BMQ-S scores at the baseline were an independent risk factor for antidepressant efficacy. Beliefs about medication at baseline may be correlated with the therapeutic efficacy in inpatients with first-diagnosed depression under supervised therapeutic compliance.

• Research Paper Volume 13, Issue 11 pp 14604-14629

  Accelerated DNA methylation age and medication use among African Americans

  Relevance score: 5.8785753

  Minjung Kho, Yi Zhe Wang, Dima Chaar, Wei Zhao, Scott M. Ratliff, Thomas H. Mosley, Patricia A. Peyser, Sharon L.R. Kardia, Jennifer A. Smith

  Keywords: DNA methylation, epigenetic clock, methylation age, medication use, African Americans

  Published in Aging on June 3, 2021

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  DNA methylation age acceleration, the discrepancy between epigenetic age and chronological age, is associated with mortality and chronic diseases, including diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. In this study, we investigate whether medications commonly used to treat these diseases in 15 drug categories are associated with four epigenetic age acceleration measures: HorvathAge acceleration (HorvathAA), HannumAge acceleration (HannumAA), PhenoAge acceleration, and GrimAge acceleration (GrimAA) using cross-sectional (Phase 1, N=1,100) and longitudinal (Phases 1 and 2, N=266) data from African Americans in the Genetic Epidemiology Network of Arteriopathy (GENOA) study. In cross-sectional analyses, the use of calcium channel blockers was associated with 1.27 years lower HannumAA after adjusting for covariates including hypertension (p=0.001). Longitudinal analyses showed that, compared to those who never used antihypertensives, those who started to take antihypertensives after Phase 1 had a 0.97-year decrease in GrimAA (p=0.007). In addition, compared to those who never used NSAID analgesics, those who started to take them after Phase 1 had a 2.61-year increase in HorvathAA (p=0.0005). Our study demonstrates that three commonly used medications are associated with DNAm age acceleration in African Americans and sheds light on the potential epigenetic effects of pharmaceuticals on aging at the cellular level.

• Research Paper Volume 12, Issue 20 pp 20924-20929

  Living alone for people on dementia medication: related use of drugs

  Relevance score: 7.071506

  Evi Zafeiridi, Alan J. McMichael, A. Peter Passmore, Bernadette McGuinness

  Keywords: dementia, living arrangements, medication, treatment, caregiver

  Published in Aging on October 21, 2020

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  Approximately one-third of people with dementia in the United Kingdom live alone. People living alone with dementia may receive different treatment for dementia and may have different comorbidities compared to people who live with a caregiver. This study explored differences in medication and demographic characteristics between people living alone with dementia and those living with a caregiver in Northern Ireland. People with dementia were identified through the first date that a dementia management medication was prescribed between 2010 and 2016. In total, 25,418 people were prescribed a dementia management medication. Data for whether people with dementia lived alone was extracted through the National Health Application and Infrastructure Services and from national datasets through the Honest Broker Service. Approximately 35% (n= 8,828) of people with dementia in Northern Ireland lived alone. People with dementia who lived alone were younger (mean= 75 years, SD= 8.50) compared to people who lived with a caregiver (mean= 77 years, SD= 7.82). Binary logistic regression highlighted that people who lived alone were more likely to be treated with donepezil medication for dementia and less likely to receive antidepressants. These findings indicate that living alone did not affect treatment for dementia and comorbidity medication in people on dementia medication.

• Research Paper Volume 12, Issue 19 pp 18844-18852

  Analysis of liver injury factors in 332 patients with COVID-19 in Shanghai, China

  Relevance score: 5.6070437

  Hongying Guo, Zhengguo Zhang, Yuyi Zhang, Yu Liu, Jiefei Wang, Zhiping Qian, Ying Zou, Hongzhou Lu

  Keywords: coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, liver injury, medication

  Published in Aging on October 1, 2020

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  Objective: We analyzed clinical parameters and risk factors for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related liver damage.

  Results: Of the 332 COVID-19 patients, 306 and 26 were included in the non-critical and critical groups, respectively. The median time from onset to admission was 4.0 (2.0–8.0) days. Of the 332 COVID-19 patients, 98 (29.5%) were admitted with liver injury. The rates of aspartate transaminase, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, and total bilirubin abnormalities were higher in the critical group than in the non-critical group. The patient’s sex, COVID-19 severity, and a low liver CT density strongly correlated with liver injury (ORs: 2.936, 6.543, and 3.387, respectively). Statistical analysis on drug administration after admission showed that the usage rates of lopinavir/ritonavir, glucocorticoids, and thymopeptides were significantly higher in the abnormal group than the normal groups (p<0.05).

  Conclusions: Though not severe, the liver injury among COVID-19 patients was pervasive. Being male, COVID-19 severity, low CT density, and medications may be risk factors for liver damage. Following recovery, liver function gradually returns to normal.

  Methods: This retrospective study screened 332 confirmed COVID-19 patients from January 20 to March 13, 2020. Liver indicators were evaluated on admission. The risk factors, medications, and the dynamic change of liver functions were analyzed.

  

  The rate of ALT, AST, γ-GT, ALP, and TB abnormalities is shown in the critical and non-critical group.

  
  
  

  

  A patient’s sex, COVID-19 severity, and low liver CT density, strongly correlate with liver injury, with OR values of 2.936, 6.543, and 3.387, respectively.

  
  
  

  

  Proportion of patients with normal ALT, AST, γ-GT and TB at 2 weeks post-discharge follow-up.

  
  
  

• Editorial Volume 11, Issue 21 pp 9221-9222

  Post-TAVI outcomes: devil lies in the details

  Relevance score: 6.193521

  Ignacio J. Amat-Santos, Pablo Díez-Villanueva, Javier López Diaz

  Keywords: renin-angiotensin system, aortic stenosis, ventricular remodeling, poli-medication, TAVR

  Published in Aging on November 13, 2019

  

  Summary of the global effects of RAS inhibitors after TAVR.

  
  
  

• Research Paper Volume 10, Issue 11 pp 3210-3228

  Accelerated DNA methylation age and the use of antihypertensive medication among older adults

  Relevance score: 6.4739804

  Xu Gao, Elena Colicino, Jincheng Shen, Allan C. Just, Jamaji C. Nwanaji-Enwerem, Cuicui Wang, Brent Coull, Xihong Lin, Pantel Vokonas, Yinan Zheng, Lifang Hou, Joel Schwartz, Andrea A. Baccarelli

  Keywords: DNA methylation age, antihypertensive medication, aging, epigenetic epidemiology, hypertension

  Published in Aging on November 10, 2018

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  The discrepancy of DNA methylation age (DNAmAge) with chronological age (termed as age acceleration, AA) has been identified to be associated with many aging-related health outcomes including hypertension. Since taking antihypertensive medication (AHM) could prevent aging-related diseases caused by hypertension, we hypothesized that using AHM could also reduce the AA. We examined this hypothesis among 546 males aged 55–85 years by exploring the associations of AHM use with AA and its change rate (Δ_AA) in two visits with a median follow-up of 3.86 years. Horvath DNAmAge was derived from DNA methylation profiles measured by Illumina HumanMethylation450 BeadChip and information on AHM use was collected by physician interview. A general decreasing pattern of AA was observed between the two visits. After the fully adjusting for potential covariates including hypertension, any AHM use showed a cross-sectional significant association with higher AA at each visit, as well as a longitudinal association with increased Δ_AA between visits. Particularly, relative to participants who never took any AHM, individuals with continuous AHM use had a higher Δ_AA of 0.6 year/chronological year. This finding underlines that DNAmAge and AA may not be able to capture the preventive effects of AHMs that reduce cardiovascular risks and mortality.

  

  Plots of predicted DNA methylation ages against chronological age.

  
  
  

  

  Individual trajectories of age acceleration (a) and the distribution of change rate of age acceleration (b).

  
  
  

• Research Paper Volume 10, Issue 5 pp 1166-1181

  Impact of long-term antihypertensive and antidiabetic medications on the prognosis of post-surgical colorectal cancer: the Fujian prospective investigation of cancer (FIESTA) study

  Relevance score: 6.7204523

  Feng Peng, Dan Hu, Xiandong Lin, Binying Liang, Ying Chen, Hejun Zhang, Yan Xia, Jinxiu Lin, Xiongwei Zheng, Wenquan Niu

  Keywords: colorectal cancer, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, medication, prognosis

  Published in Aging on May 24, 2018

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  Hypertension and diabetes mellitus are common comorbidities of colorectal cancer. We designed a prospective cohort study aiming to investigate the impact of long-term antihypertensive and antidiabetic medications on colorectal cancer-specific survival and recurrence among 713 post-surgical patients. All participants received radical resection for colorectal cancer during 2000-08, and they were followed up until July 2017. Colorectal cancer patients without hypertension had better survival than those with hypertension (median survival time [MST]: 190.3 months versus 99.0 months, p <0.001). The impact of antidiabetic medications on prolonging colorectal cancer survival was statistically significant, that is, patients receiving antidiabetic medications had longer survival time than untreated diabetic patients (MST: 135.8 months versus 80.2 months, p: 0.007), whereas the prognosis was greatly improved in colorectal cancer patients without diabetes mellitus (p <0.001). Medical treatment for hypertension and diabetes mellitus was associated with 28% (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.72; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.47-1.10; p: 0.131) and 57% (HR: 0.43; 95% CI: 0.22-0.82; p: 0.010) reduced risk of dying from colorectal cancer relative to those without medications, respectively. Our data indicate that long-term antidiabetic medications can significantly prolong the survival and improve the prognosis of post-surgical colorectal cancer.

  

  Kaplan-Meier survival curves per hypertension (the upper panel) and diabetes mellitus (the lower panel). Abbreviations: HT, hypertension; DM, diabetes mellitus. There were 384, 246 and 83 colorectal cancer patients without hypertension, with untreated hypertension and with treated hypertension, respectively. There were 385, 285 and 43 colorectal cancer patients without diabetes mellitus, with untreated diabetes mellitus and with treated diabetes mellitus, respectively. The Log-rank test was statistically significant for both hypertension and diabetes mellitus medications (p <0.001).

  
  
  

  

  Kaplan-Meier recurrence curves per hypertension (the upper panel) and diabetes mellitus (the lower panel). Abbreviations: HT, hypertension; DM, diabetes mellitus. There were 33, 10 and 17 colorectal cancer patients without hypertension, with untreated hypertension and with treated hypertension, respectively. There were 17, 38 and 5 colorectal cancer patients without diabetes mellitus, with untreated diabetes mellitus and with treated diabetes mellitus, respectively. Log-rank test was not significant for both hypertension and diabetes mellitus medications (p: 0.899 for hypertension and 0.169 for diabetes mellitus).

  
  
  

  

  Kaplan-Meier survival curves per antihypertensive (the upper panel) and antidiabetic (the lower panel) medications. Abbreviations: CCB, calcium channel blocker; ACEI, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker. There were 30, 8 and 11 colorectal cancer patients who took ACEI or ARB or beta-blocker, CCB and other antihypertensive drugs, respectively. There were 5, 21 and 9 colorectal cancer patients who took metformin, non-metformin and other antidiabetic drugs, respectively. Log-rank test was not significant for both antihypertensive (p: 0.978) and antidiabetic (p: 0.778) medications.

  
  
  

• Research Paper pp undefined-undefined

  Identification of crucial anoikis-related genes as novel biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for lung adenocarcinoma via bioinformatic analysis and experimental verification

  Relevance score: 6.1429625

  Jie Wu, Yuting Zhang, Guoxing You, Wenjie Guo, Yupeng Wang, Jiaming Li, Rongzhi Tan, Xihua Fu, Yukuan Tang, Jie Zan, Jianfen Su

  Keywords: lung adenocarcinoma, anoikis, stratified model, precision medication, immune microenvironment

  Published in Aging on Invalid Date

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  Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a malignant tumor of the respiratory system that has a poor 5-year survival rate. Anoikis, a type of programmed cell death, contributes to tumor development and metastasis. The aim of this study was to develop an anoikis-based stratified model, and a multivariable-based nomogram for guiding clinical therapy for LUAD. Through differentially expressed analysis, univariate cox, LASSO Cox regression, and random forest algorithm analysis, we established a 4 anoikis-related genes-based stratified model, and a multivariable-based nomogram, which could accurately predict the prognosis of LUAD patients in the TCGA and GEO databases, respectively. The low and high risk score LUAD patients stratified by the model showed different tumor mutation burden, tumor microenvironment, gemcitabine sensitivity and immune checkpoint expressions. Through immunohistochemical analysis of clinical LUAD samples, we found that the 4 anoikis-related genes (PLK1, SLC2A1, ANGPTL4, CDKN3) were highly expressed in the tumor samples from clinical LUAD patients, and knockdown of these genes in LUAD cells by transfection with small interfering RNAs significantly inhibited LUAD cell proliferation and migration, and promoted anoikis. In conclusion, we developed an anoikis-based stratified model and a multivariable-based nomogram of LUAD, which could predict the survival of LUAD patients and guide clinical treatment.

• Research Paper pp undefined-undefined

  Prescription glucocorticoid medication and iridocyclitis are associated with an increased risk of senile cataract occurrence: a Mendelian randomization study

  Relevance score: 5.4126635

  Rui Wen, Yu-Jia Xi, Ran Zhang, Si-Jia Hou, Jin-Yu Shi, Jin-Yi Chen, He-Yi Zhang, Jun Qiao, Yi-Qian Feng, Sheng-Xiao Zhang

  Keywords: Mendelian randomization, prescription glucocorticoid medication use, iridocyclitis, senile cataracts, single nucleotide polymorphisms

  Published in Aging on Invalid Date

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  Iridocyclitis and the use of glucocorticoid medication have been widely studied as susceptibility factors for cataracts. However, the causal relationship between them remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the causal relationship between the development of iridocyclitis and the genetic liability of glucocorticoid medication use on the risk of senile cataracts occurrence by performing Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. Instrumental variables (IVs) significantly associated with exposure factors (P < 5 × 10^-8) were identified using published genome-wide association data from the FinnGen database and UK Biobank. Reliability analyses were conducted using five approaches, including inverse-variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger regression, simple median, weighted median, and weighted mode. A sensitivity analysis using the leave-one-out method was also performed. Genetic susceptibility to glucocorticoid use was associated with an increased risk of developing senile cataracts (OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.02-1.17; P < 0.05). Moreover, iridocyclitis was significantly associated with a higher risk of developing senile cataracts (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01-1.05; P < 0.05). Nonetheless, some heterogeneity in the IVs was observed, but the MR results remained consistent after penalizing for outliers. The estimates were consistent in multivariate analyses by adjusting for body mass index (BMI) and diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM). This study provides new insights into the prevention and management of senile cataracts by highlighting the increased risk associated with iridocyclitis and the use of glucocorticoids.

• Research Paper pp undefined-undefined

  The effects of metformin and alendronate in attenuating bone loss and improving glucose metabolism in diabetes mellitus mice

  Relevance score: 7.5423474

  Qiyun Zhou, Zhiqiang Guan, Shengfu Liu, Yanjiao Xuan, Gang Han, Hua Chen, Xiao Jin, Kun Tao, Zhiyuan Guan

  Keywords: alendronate, metformin, diabetes osteoporosis, combined medication

  Published in Aging on Invalid Date

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  Background: To explore the anti-osteoporosis and anti-diabetes effects and potential underlying mechanisms of treatment with metformin and alendronate in diabetes mellitus mice.

  Methods: Eight-week-old C57 BL/KS db/db and db/+ female mice were evaluated according to the following treatment group for 12 weeks: control group, diabetes mellitus group, diabetes mellitus with metformin group, diabetes mellitus with Alendronate group, diabetes mellitus with metformin plus alendronate group. Glucose level, glucose tolerance test, bone mineral density, bone microarchitecture, bone histomorphometry, serum biomarkers, and qPCR analysis.

  Results: Combined metformin and alendronate can improve progression in glucose metabolism and bone metabolism, including blood glucose levels, blood glucose levels after 4 and 16 hours fasting, glucose tolerance test results, insulin sensitivity and reduces bone loss than the diabetes group. The use of alendronate alone can increase significantly serum glucagon-like peptide-1 levels than the diabetes group. The use of metformin alone can improve bone microstructure such as Tb.Sp and Tb.N of spine in diabetic mice.

  Conclusion: The combined use of alendronate and metformin has an anti-diabetes and anti-osteoporotic effect compared with diabetic mice, but they appear to act no obvious synergistically between alendronate and metformin.