Study | Country | PD-L1 detection assay | PD-L1 positive (%) | Patient characteristics |
Tumor status | Patients, n | Median age, yr (range) | Gleason score, n (%) | Tumor stage, n (%) | Surgical margin, n (%) | Nodal status, n (%) | Median PSA, ng/ml (range) | Median follow-up, month (range) |
Ness 2017 | Norway | IHC | 236/402 (58.7) | PCa following RP | 535 | 62(47-75) | >8, 35(6.5) ≤8, 500(93.5) | pT1/pT2, 374(69.9) pT3/pT4, 161(30.1) | Positive, 286(53.5) Negative, 249(46.5) | NA | PSA<10, 308(57.6) PSA>10, 221(41.3) U, 6(1.1) | 150(17-245) |
Massari 2016 | Italy | IHC | 8/16 (50.0) | CRPC | 16 | 64(53-70) | >8, 10(62.5) ≤8, 6(37.5) | NA | NA | NA | NA | at least 5 years |
Calagua 2017 | USA | IHC | 18/130 (13.8) | hormone-naive primary cancer and prostate cancer underwent RP after Neo-AAPL | 130 | 61(NA)‡ | ≥8, 34(26.0) ≤8, 96(74.0) | pT1/pT2, 64(49.2) pT3/pT4, 66(50.8) | Positive, 40(30.8) Negative, 90(69.2) | pN0, 98(75.4) pN1, 8(6.1) U, 24(18.5) | 6(4.4, 9.1) | NA |
Baas 2017 | USA | IHC | 2/25 (8.0) | high-grade Gleason 8-10 cancer | 25 | 64±7.2 (50-79)§ | >8, 8(32.0) ≤8, 17(68.0) | NA | NA | NA | 13.9±14.3(2.4-68.9)§ | NA |
Fankhauser 2018-localized prostate cancer | Switzerland | IHC | 0/96 (0.0) | localized prostate cancer | 96 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Fankhauser 2018-CRPC | Switzerland | IHC | 5/81 (6.2) | CRPC | 81 | 75(54-86) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Haffner 2018-Primary Tumors | USA | IHC | 39/508 (7.7) | primary cancer | 508 | NA | ≥8, 111(21.9) ≤8, 397(78.1) | T1/T2, 195(38.4) T3/T4, 297(58.5) U, 16(3.1) | NA | N0, 467(91.9) N1, 36(7.1) U, 5(1) | NA | NA |
Haffner 2018-CRPC | USA | IHC | 18/57 (31.6) | metastatic CRPC | 57 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Petitprez 2018 | Italy | IHC | 7/51 (13.7) | node-positive PCa treated with RP and ePLND | 51 | 65(60-72) | >8, 17(33.0) ≤8, 34(67.0) | pT1/pT2, 8(16) pT3/pT4, 43(84) | Positive, 22(43) Negative, 29(57) | pN0, 50(98) pN1, 1(2) | 9.9(6.6–15.3) | 51(30–77)¶ |
Ebelt 2009-PCa | Germany | IHC | 3/17 (17.6) | PCa following RP | 17 | 66(59–75) | >8, 1(5.9) ≤8, 16(94.1) | pT1/pT2, 11(64.7) pT3/pT4, 6(35.3) | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Gevensleben 2016a-PD-L1 training cohort | Germany | IHC | 109/209 (52.2) | PCa following RP | 209 | 65(45-83) | >8, 14(6.7) ≤8, 190(90.9) U, 5(2.4) | pT1/pT2, 124(59.3) pT3/pT4, 85(40.7) | Positive, 83(39.7) Negative, 124(59.3) U, 2(1.0) | pN0, 192(91.9) pN1, 16(7.7) U, 1(0.5) | 7.5(0.7-163) | 61.0(0-140) |
Gevensleben 2016a-PD-L1 test cohort | Germany | IHC | 377/611 (61.7) | PCa following RP | 611 | 62(43-74) | >8, 40(6.5) ≤8, 571(93.5) | pT1/pT2, 418(68.4) pT3/pT4, 193(31.6) | Positive, 169(27.7) Negative, 439(71.8) U, 3(0.5) | pN0, 299(48.9) pN1, 9(1.5) U, 303(49.6) | 7.1(0.8-39.0) | 49.6(0-129) |
Gevensleben 2016a-mPD-L1 training cohort | Germany | qPCR | 101/498 (20.3) | PCa following RP | 498 | 61(NA) | >8, 141(28.3) ≤8, 357(71.7) | pT2, 188(37.8) pT3, 303(60.8) U, 7(1.4) | Positive, 152(30.5) Negative, 316(63.5) U, 30(6.0) | pN0, 346(69.5) pN1, 79(15.9) U, 73(14.7) | PSA≤10, 339(68.0) PSA>10, 156(31.3) U, 3(0.6) | 16(1-133) |
Gevensleben 2016b-mPD-L1 validation cohort | Germany | qPCR | 102/299 (34.1) | PCa following RP | 299 | NA | >8, 16(5.4) ≤8, 281(93.9) U, 2(0.7) | pT2, 205(68.6) pT3, 94(31.4) U, 1(0.3) | Positive, 98(32.8) Negative, 197(65.9) U, 4(1.3) | pN0, 278(93.0) pN1, 20(6.7) U, 1(0.3) | PSA≤10, 200(66.9) PSA>10, 86(28.8) U, 13(4.3) | 63(1-145) |
Iacovelli-2019-mCSPC | Italy | IHC | 15/32 (46.9) | mCSPC | 32 | 71.4(NA) | ≥8, 29(90.6) <8, 3(9.4) | NA | NA | N0, 17(91.9) N1, 15(7.1) | 170.0(NA) | 83.4(NA) |
Li 2019 | China | IHC | 63/127 (49.6) | high risk PCa received AHT after RP | 127 | 66(48-76) | ≥8, 63(50.4) <8, 64(49.6) | pT1/pT2, 54(42.5) pT3/pT4, 73(57.5) | Positive, 47(63.0) Negative, 80(37.0) | pN0, 86(67.7) pN1, 41(32.3) | 49.74(1.98-408.21) | 40(29-53)¶ |
Sharma 2019 | USA | IHC | 29/220 (13.2) | PCa following RP | 220 | 60.3(42-78) | ≥8, 24(10.9) <8, 196(89.1) | pT1/pT2, 166(75.5) pT3/pT4, 54(24.5) | NA | pN0, 138(62.7) pN1, 11(5.0) pNX, 71(32.3) | NA | 48.2(3-116) |
Xian 2019 | USA | IHC | 50/279 (17.9) | PCa following RP | 279 | 61.1(39-76) | ≥8, 73(26.2) <8, 206(73.8) | T1/T2, 168(69.2) T3/T4, 111(39.8) | NA | N0, 255(91.4) N1, 21(7.5) U, 3(1.0) | ≤10, 220(78.9) >10, 54(19.4) U, 5(1.8) | 106.5(3-180) |