Research Paper Volume 14, Issue 5 pp 2418—2431
miRNA-29a inhibits atherosclerotic plaque formation by mediating macrophage autophagy via PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway
- 1 Second Department of Geriatrics, Hebei Medical University and Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei, China
- 2 Second Department of Geriatrics, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei, China
- 3 Medical Examination Center, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei, China
- 4 Ultrasound Department, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei, China
- 5 Vascular Surgery, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei, China
- 6 Ultrasound Department, Hebei Medical University and Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei, China
Received: April 30, 2021 Accepted: February 28, 2022 Published: March 14, 2022
https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.203951How to Cite
Copyright: © 2022 Shao et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Abstract
Background: miR-29a plays a vital role in AS, but the relationship between the miR-29a-targeted PI3K signaling pathway and AS remains unclear. Therefore, this study was carried out.
Methods: Gene expression profiles from the GEO database containing AS samples were analyzed. ApoE−/− mice and RAW264.7 cells were treated with miR-29a negative control (NC), miR-29a mimic and miR-29a inhibitor to establish the AS model. Then MOVAT staining, TEM, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining were adopted for testing target proteins.
Results: DEGs were identified from GSE137578, GSE132651, GSE113969, GSE43292, and GSE97210 datasets. It was found that there were targeted binding sites between miR-29a and PIK3CA. Besides, GO and KEGG analysis demonstrated that autophagy was an enriched pathway in AS. Later, PPI network was depicted, and hub genes were then determined. The results revealed that miR-29a suppressed the areas of plaques and lesional macrophages, but had no impact on VSMCs. TEM results showed the organelles pyknosis of lesional macrophages damaged morphological changes. Furthermore, miR-29a amplified the M2-like macrophages but suppressed the polarization of M1-like macrophages in atherosclerotic plaques. According to mouse and RAW 264.7 cell experiments, miR-29a significantly inhibited the protein expressions of PI3K, p-PI3K, p-AKT, and p-mTOR, which were consistent with the increased expressions of autophagy-related proteins, Beclin 1 and LC3II. However, the miR-29a suppression exhibited the contrary results.
Conclusion: MiR-29a elevation induces the increase of autophagy by down-regulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in the progression of AS, indicating that miR-29a is a novel therapeutic strategy for AS.
Abbreviations
GO: Gene Ontology; GEO: Gene Expression Omnibus; TEM: transmission electron microscope; DEGs: Differentially Expressed Genes; VSMC: vascular smooth muscle cells; AS: atherosclerosis; PI3K: phosphoinositide 3-kinase; AKT: protein kinase B; mTOR: mammalian target of rapamycin.