Research Paper Volume 8, Issue 2 pp 245—259

Figure 1. HK protein sequence alignment and Har-HK expression pattern. (A) Amino acid homology comparison between Har-HK and other known HKs; Hexokinase-1 and -2 are two highly conserved domains; black shading denotes ≥ 60% sequence identity. D. plexippus, EH-J75730.1; B. mori, XP-004932651.1; A. aegypti, XP-001660031.1; D. melanogaster, NP_-727350.1. (B) Har-HK mRNA expression through development. Total RNA was extracted from the brains of nondiapause- and diapause-destined pupae and used for qPCR. (C) Har-HK protein expression through development. Brain proteins (20 μg) were extracted for western blotting analysis. DP, diapause-type pupae; NP, nondiapause-type pupae. Expression levels were quantified using ImageJ software and normalized to Har-actin levels (5 μg). (D) Brain Har-HK activity. Har-HK activity levels in the brains of nondiapause- and diapause-destined pupae were assayed. Each point (B-D) represents the mean ± S.D. of three independent replicates. The * denotes p < 0.05, and ** denotes p < 0.01 as determined by the independent t-test.