Research Paper

Figure 7. FLL significantly stimulates osteoblast differentiation and inhibits adipocyte differentiation of MSC. (A) The MSC were cultured with FLL and subjected to CCK-8 assay (n = 6). (B–C) MSC were cultured with osteogenic-inducer solution for 7 days and we then determined ALP activity, and ALP was also stained with BCIP/NBT; FLL markedly promoted the expression of ALP. (n = 6). (D) The MSC were cultured with adipocyte-inducer solution for 7 days and stained with Oil Red. (E) We quantified Oil Red by dissolving it in isopropanol and measuring the absorbance at 500 nm. FLL significantly inhibited adipocyte differentiation (n = 6). (F) TOPFlash assay was used to investigate the activation of the Wnt-signaling pathway by FLL, and results showed that FLL significantly activated Wnt signaling (n = 6). (G–H) The levels of RUNX2 protein and mRNA in mouse bone marrow were noticeably increased after treatment with FLL (n = 3). (I–J) The levels of PPARγ protein and mRNA in mouse bone marrow were notably decreased after treatment with FLL. (n = 3). ^#P < 0.05 compared with sham or control; ^##P < 0.01 compared with sham or control; ^*P < 0.05 compared OVX or model; ^**P < 0.01 compared OVX or Licl.