Research Paper Advance Articles

Figure 4. Spermidine protects from memory amelioration in both 12% yeast and 2% yeast diets as well as boosts fecundity in 12% yeast in mid-age flies. Intermediate-term memory (ITM) of 3-day (A) and 30-day (B) old isogenic w¹¹¹⁸ flies, bred on either 12% or 2% food with or without the addition of 5 mM spermidine (n = 11 – 13 biological replicates. Each biological replicate contains around 70 flies). (C–E) Fecundity assay of isogenic w¹¹¹⁸ female flies bred on 12% yeast and 2% yeast with and without the addition of 5 mM spermidine at early-, mid- and old-age respectively (n = 11 biological replicates). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p< 0.0001, ns, not significant. Data are mean ± SEM. P-values were determined by 2-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc multiple comparisons test (A – E).