Research Paper Volume 11, Issue 22 pp 10723—10741
T cells and immune functions of plasma extracellular vesicles are differentially modulated from adults to centenarians
- 1 Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Multiple Sclerosis Group, San Sebastian, Spain
- 2 Spanish Network of Multiple Sclerosis, Barcelona, Spain
- 3 Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastian, Spain
- 4 Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Neuromuscular Diseases Group, San Sebastian, Spain
- 5 Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Primary Care Unit, San Sebastian, Spain
- 6 CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
- 7 CIC biomaGUNE, Molecular and Functional Biomarkers Group, San Sebastian, Spain
- 8 Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Cellular Oncology Group, San Sebastian, Spain
- 9 CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Madrid, Spain
- 10 IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
- 11 Health Services Research on Chronic Patients Network (REDISSEC), Madrid, Spain
- 12 CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
Received: August 28, 2019 Accepted: November 18, 2019 Published: November 27, 2019
https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.102517How to Cite
Copyright © 2019 Alberro et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Abstract
Aging is a universal and complex process that affects all tissues and cells types, including immune cells, in a process known as immunosenescence. However, many aspects of immunosenescence are not completely understood, as the characteristics of the immune cells of nonagenarians and centenarians or the features and implications of extracellular vesicles (EVs). In this study, we analyzed blood samples from 51 individuals aged 20-49 and 70-104 years. We found that senescent CD8 cells accumulate with age, while there is a partial reduction of senescent CD4 cells in nonagenarians and centenarians. Moreover, plasma EVs carry T cell specific markers, but no accumulation of “senescent-like EVs” was found within any of analyzed age groups. Our functional studies of cocultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and EVs showed that EVs enhance T cell viability and, under phytohemagglutinin stimulation, they influence cytokine secretion and cell activation in an age-dependent manner. These results underline the importance of EVs on the immune system functioning, and open new perspectives to further study their implication in human aging.