Research Paper Volume 16, Issue 12 pp 10615—10635
Identification and validation of key genes in gastric cancer: insights from in silico analysis, clinical samples, and functional assays
- 1 Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
- 2 PARC Arid Zone Research Center, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan
- 3 Department of Pharmacy, The 922 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, Hengyang 421002, China
- 4 Department of Emergency, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
Received: December 19, 2023 Accepted: May 16, 2024 Published: June 23, 2024
https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.205965How to Cite
Copyright: © 2024 Pei et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Abstract
Introduction: The underlying mechanisms of gastric cancer (GC) remain unknown. Therefore, in this study, we employed a comprehensive approach, combining computational and experimental methods, to identify potential key genes and unveil the underlying pathogenesis and prognosis of GC.
Methods: Gene expression profiles from GEO databases (GSE118916, GSE79973, and GSE29272) were analyzed to identify DEGs between GC and normal tissues. A PPI network was constructed using STRING and Cytoscape, followed by hub gene identification with CytoHubba. Investigations included expression and promoter methylation analysis, survival modeling, mutational and miRNA analysis, gene enrichment, drug prediction, and in vitro assays for cellular behaviors.
Results: A total of 83 DEGs were identified in the three datasets, comprising 41 up-regulated genes and 42 down-regulated genes. Utilizing the degree and MCC methods, we identified four hub genes that were hypomethylated and up-regulated: COL1A1, COL1A2, COL3A1, and FN1. Subsequent validation of their expression and promoter methylation on clinical GC samples through targeted bisulfite sequencing and RT-qPCR analysis further confirmed the hypomethylation and overexpression of these genes in local GC patients. Furthermore, it was observed that these hub genes regulate tumor proliferation and metastasis in in vivo and exhibited mutations in GC patients.
Conclusion: We found four potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, including COL1A1, COL1A2, COL3A1, and FN1 that may be involved in the occurrence and progression of GC.
Abbreviations
GC: Gastric Cancer; GEO: Gene Expression Omnibus; DEGs: Differentially Expressed Genes; PPI: Protein-Protein Interaction; OS: Overall Survival; TCGA: The Cancer Genome Atlas; GO: Gene Ontology; KEGG: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes.