Research Paper Volume 11, Issue 12 pp 4183—4197

Alpha-ketoglutarate extends Drosophila lifespan by inhibiting mTOR and activating AMPK

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Figure 5. AKG inhibits the Warburg effect and activates JNK signaling. (A) Relative mRNA expression of downstream and upstream genes involved in the Warburg effect (ns = nonsignificant, p > 0.05; *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01; two-tailed Student’s t-test). (B) Relative mRNA expression of downstream and upstream genes in the JNK signaling pathway (*p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01, two-tailed Student’s t-test).