Research Paper Volume 16, Issue 9 pp 7668—7682
Causal association of metformin treatment with diverse cardiovascular diseases: a Mendelian randomization analysis
Figure 3. (A–F) show the fixed-effect IVW analysis of the causal association of metformin with Myocardial Infarction, Chronic Heart Failure, Atrial Fibrillation, Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, Dilated Cardiomyopathy, and valvular disease.